- Industrialization has a downside.
- Not everyone benefitted from Industrialization.
The Growth of Printing
- The first iron printing press was made by Earl Stanhope, in 1800.
- Fredrerich Koenig, first double cylinder steam powered press from 1814.
- Ned Ludd was against technology. Luddites are people who don't understand technology and don't
want to
- People and companies who had to print printed in secret because they were scare of people destroying
technological advances.
- To make money, newspapers started selling ads to be in their papers.
- 1814 - John Hooper became the first AD Man.
- Ottmar Mergenthalier pefected his linotype machine in 1886.
- One guy on a linotype machine could do the same amount of work as 7 compositors.
- I feel that technology in printing and type grew in such a short amount of time. It began to develop in a strong way in this short time period so much that we are beginning to see a tie in today's design. I feel that at this point we are seeing connections and understandings in what we are doing in our studio classes compared to what people like Ottmar Mergenthalier and Fredrerich Koenig have done.
Victorian Erographics
- marked by their esthetic confusion
- Queen Victoria ruled around the same time the Civil War was going on.
Victorians
- very religious
- loved fussiness
- loved stuff
- strong moral beliefs
- middle class comes from Industrial and Victorian period due to the fact that people were getting
money and just spending it on things.
- During this time period things were being made by the masses, but there was a decline in quality
of craft.
- The title page from Pencil of Nature by William Henry Fox Talbot, 1844, is a prime example of
Victorian by the mixture of styles and techniques that have no esthetic.
-The Victorian period is really not something that I like. I appreciate it because it's sort of something you can look at and say, "DON'T DO THIS!!!" In a way it's good to have something that you can look at and know not to have that style. The esthetic was not there. There was no connection in what style they wanted like they things they bought in that time period.
Lithography
- Hoe printing press was created in 1870.
- Stone printing in 1776.
- Image is drawn directly on the stone when using stone printing.
- Gradations and realistic color schemes were possible with stone printing.
Chromalithography (color lithography)
- Chromalithography began in Boston for America.
- Ephemera - printed things that aren't meant to be collected.
- L. Prang & Company and others, c.1880's - early 1900's
- L. Prang is considered as the father of scrapping which is a tone of images thrown together.
Victorian Style
- Idealized images of children
- Pattern
- Exotic animal
- Tromploi
- Graphics that show entertainment
- Idea of Father Christmas
- Schumacher & Ettlinger, lithographic covers and pages from Our Navy premium booklet were all
in color.
- Some event posters left a space for where and when an event would be.
Packaging
- Chromalithography made it possible to print on metal containers as you would put a decal on a
model car.
- Quaker Oats developed during this time period.
- Personalities for companies became more common during this time.
Magazines
- Letterpress, 1866 - aloud illusion of depth
- Mixed, 1856
- 8.5 x 11' wood cut, 1856
-Victorian era introduced toy books (children books)
Illustrator's for Children's Books
- Walter
- Randolph Caldecott
- Kate Greenaway
Thomas Nast
- gave us Uncle Sam, modern day Santa Claus, Columbia (not the country), Democrat Donkey, and
Republican Elephant.
-responsible for the downfall of William "Boss" Tweed.
- I think Thomas Nast shows how powerful we as designers can be. He took someone who was considered a very powerful man and brought him down. This is someone I can see giving me inspiration to make some very powerful and awe-inspiring pieces.
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